Description
The IR Obstacle Avoidance Sensor Module is a compact and efficient infrared-based detection device designed for robotic navigation, object detection, line-following vehicles, and automation projects. Equipped with a pair of infrared emitter and receiver diodes, this module detects objects within a range of 2 to 30 cm by sensing the reflection of emitted infrared signals.
The module includes a sensitivity-adjustable potentiometer, allowing users to fine-tune the detection range. When an object is detected, the onboard green LED lights up, and the module outputs a LOW signal (0V) on the OUT pin — ready for direct connection to microcontroller IO ports or a 5V relay.
Built around the LM393 comparator chip, this module delivers stable and accurate detection under varying lighting conditions and has minimal interference from ambient light.
✅ Key Features
Infrared-based Active Obstacle Detection
Adjustable Detection Range: 2–30 cm
️ Sensitivity Control via Potentiometer
Green Detection LED + Red Power LED
Digital Output (0V or 5V) for easy microcontroller interface
Voltage Range: 3.3V to 5V DC
⚡ Can drive 5V relays or connect directly to Arduino/ESP/STM32
Compact & Easy to Mount
Detection Angle: ~35°
LM393 Comparator – Stable output with minimal fluctuation
Technical Specifications
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Detection Range | 2–30 cm (adjustable) |
| Detection Angle | Approx. 35° |
| Operating Voltage | 3.3V to 5V DC |
| Output Type | Digital (High = 5V, Low = 0V) |
| Interface Pins | VCC, GND, OUT |
| IC Used | LM393 Dual Comparator |
| Indicator LEDs | Power (Red), Obstacle Detected (Green) |
| Dimensions | Compact board, breadboard-ready |
⚙️ Pinout & Connections
| Pin | Description |
|---|---|
| VCC | Connect to 3.3V or 5V DC |
| GND | Ground |
| OUT | Digital output (LOW when obstacle detected) |
How It Works
The sensor emits an IR beam through the IR LED.
When an object reflects the beam back to the receiver, the onboard LM393 comparator detects it.
The OUT pin goes LOW (0V) and the green LED lights up.
You can adjust the range using the potentiometer:
⏩ Clockwise = Increase range
⏪ Counter-clockwise = Decrease range
Applications
Robot obstacle avoidance
Line-following cars
Object counters & sensors
DIY electronics & Arduino kits
Smart automation systems
Security triggers and proximity detection
FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: Can I use this with an Arduino UNO or ESP32?
✅ Yes! The digital OUT pin can be directly connected to any microcontroller’s IO pin.
Q2: Can I detect black and white objects equally?
⚠️ No. Detection depends on reflectivity — white surfaces reflect more IR (longer detection range), while black absorbs IR, reducing range.
Q3: Is the output analog or digital?
It provides a digital output (0 or 1), not analog.
Q4: Can I use this module with a 3.3V system?
✅ Yes, it works with both 3.3V and 5V systems.
Q5: Can I connect this to a relay?
✅ Yes! The OUT pin can directly trigger a 5V relay or logic circuit.
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