Description
The IR Obstacle Avoidance Sensor Module is a compact and efficient infrared-based detection device designed for robotic navigation, object detection, line-following vehicles, and automation projects. Equipped with a pair of infrared emitter and receiver diodes, this module detects objects within a range of 2 to 30 cm by sensing the reflection of emitted infrared signals.
The module includes a sensitivity-adjustable potentiometer, allowing users to fine-tune the detection range. When an object is detected, the onboard green LED lights up, and the module outputs a LOW signal (0V) on the OUT pin — ready for direct connection to microcontroller IO ports or a 5V relay.
Built around the LM393 comparator chip, this module delivers stable and accurate detection under varying lighting conditions and has minimal interference from ambient light.
✅ Key Features
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Infrared-based Active Obstacle Detection
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Adjustable Detection Range: 2–30 cm
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️ Sensitivity Control via Potentiometer
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Green Detection LED + Red Power LED
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Digital Output (0V or 5V) for easy microcontroller interface
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Voltage Range: 3.3V to 5V DC
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⚡ Can drive 5V relays or connect directly to Arduino/ESP/STM32
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Compact & Easy to Mount
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Detection Angle: ~35°
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LM393 Comparator – Stable output with minimal fluctuation
Technical Specifications
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Detection Range | 2–30 cm (adjustable) |
| Detection Angle | Approx. 35° |
| Operating Voltage | 3.3V to 5V DC |
| Output Type | Digital (High = 5V, Low = 0V) |
| Interface Pins | VCC, GND, OUT |
| IC Used | LM393 Dual Comparator |
| Indicator LEDs | Power (Red), Obstacle Detected (Green) |
| Dimensions | Compact board, breadboard-ready |
⚙️ Pinout & Connections
| Pin | Description |
|---|---|
| VCC | Connect to 3.3V or 5V DC |
| GND | Ground |
| OUT | Digital output (LOW when obstacle detected) |
How It Works
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The sensor emits an IR beam through the IR LED.
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When an object reflects the beam back to the receiver, the onboard LM393 comparator detects it.
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The OUT pin goes LOW (0V) and the green LED lights up.
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You can adjust the range using the potentiometer:
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⏩ Clockwise = Increase range
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⏪ Counter-clockwise = Decrease range
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Applications
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Robot obstacle avoidance
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Line-following cars
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Object counters & sensors
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DIY electronics & Arduino kits
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Smart automation systems
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Security triggers and proximity detection
FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: Can I use this with an Arduino UNO or ESP32?
✅ Yes! The digital OUT pin can be directly connected to any microcontroller’s IO pin.
Q2: Can I detect black and white objects equally?
⚠️ No. Detection depends on reflectivity — white surfaces reflect more IR (longer detection range), while black absorbs IR, reducing range.
Q3: Is the output analog or digital?
It provides a digital output (0 or 1), not analog.
Q4: Can I use this module with a 3.3V system?
✅ Yes, it works with both 3.3V and 5V systems.
Q5: Can I connect this to a relay?
✅ Yes! The OUT pin can directly trigger a 5V relay or logic circuit.
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